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Thoracic Cancer Jun 2023This study aimed to describe the trends in incidence, mortality, and burden of tracheal, bronchial and lung (TBL) cancer in Asia from 2010 through 2019 and compare with...
Temporal trends of tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer between 2010 and 2019, in Asian countries by geographical region and sociodemographic index, comparison with global data.
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to describe the trends in incidence, mortality, and burden of tracheal, bronchial and lung (TBL) cancer in Asia from 2010 through 2019 and compare with global and other continental data.
METHODS
We collected TBL cancer data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study from 2010 to 2019 in 49 countries and territories in Asia. For all locations, annual case data and age-standardized rates (ASRs) were used to investigate the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of TBL from 2010 to 2019. The relative difference (%) between years was used to show comparative variations of ASRs for the indicators studied.
RESULTS
In 2019, more than 55% of TBL cancer cases and deaths occurred in Asian countries. A total of 57% of lung cancer patients lived in Asia and almost 60% of the global burden of lung cancer was imposed on Asian countries. From 2010 to 2019, incidences, deaths, prevalence cases, and DALYs number of TBL cancer increased over 1.34-, 1.31-, 1.31-, and 1.26-fold, in Asia. During this period, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), the age-standardized death rate (ASDR), the age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), and the age-standardized DALYs rate (DALYs ASR) of TBL cancer decreased by 1, 3, 4, and 4%, respectively. While at the same time, the decreasing trend of these rates globally and in America and in Europe happened faster. In 2019, age-specific incidence, death, prevalence, and DALY cases of TBL cancer were peaking at 65-74, 70-74, 65-69, and 65-69 years, respectively. In 2019, the highest ASIR, ASDR, and DALYs ASR of TBL cancer was observed in East Asia countries and the highest ASPR in high-income Asia Pacific countries. Central Asia and high-income Asia Pacific countries experienced a decreasing trend in ASIR and ASDR, and the South Asia countries experienced the highest increasing trend from 2010 to 2019. ASPR only decreased in Central Asia, and DALYs ASR only increased in South Asia. In 2019, among high sociodemographic index (SDI) Asian countries, Brunei Darussalam had the highest ASIR, ASDR, and DALYs ASR and the Republic of Korea had the highest ASPR. Among high-middle SDIs, Turkey and Georgia; among middle SDIs, China and Armenia; among low-middle SDIs, Mongolia and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea had the highest ASIR, ASDR, ASPR, and DALY ASR of TBL cancer. Among low SDI Asian countries, Pakistan had the highest ASIR, ASDR, ASPR, and DALY ASR of TBL cancer.
CONCLUSION
Most of the global burden of lung cancer occurs in Asian countries, and the decreasing trend of incidence, death, prevalence, and burden of this cancer in these countries is slower than in other regions. Therefore, the implementation of necessary measures in order to reduce the process of this cancer is considered urgent.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Quality-Adjusted Life Years; Asia; Bronchial Neoplasms; Tracheal Neoplasms; Bronchi; Incidence
PubMed: 37127553
DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14912 -
Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi = Chinese... Mar 2020Endotracheal and endobronchial metastases (EEM) is a rare manifestation in primary lung cancer. It has not yet been reported in Chinese literatures. The aim of this...
BACKGROUND
Endotracheal and endobronchial metastases (EEM) is a rare manifestation in primary lung cancer. It has not yet been reported in Chinese literatures. The aim of this study was to summarize and analyze the clinical feature of lung cancer with EEM.
METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed 6 patients who presented with EEM of lung cancer from Peking University Third Hospital from January 2015 to December 2018. With "endotracheal metastases, endobronchial metastases, lung cancer" as the keywords, 13 cases were retrieved from PubMed database until February 2020. The clinical, radiologic and bronchoscopic data were collected.
RESULTS
Six patients were selected from 967 patients with lung cancer, and all were diagnosed with lung cancer and EEM simultaneously. There were 4 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, 1 case of adenocarcinoma, and 1 case of small cell lung cancer. One patient had stage IIIb and 5 patients had stage IV. There were 5 cases of central lung cancer and 1 case of peripheral lung cancer. EEM on bronchoscope examination presented as endoluminal nodular or polypoid lesion in 5 patients, and abnormal white bulge in 1 patient. 5 cases metastasized to the contralateral bronchus, 1 case to the ipsilateral bronchus and 1 case to the trachea. The median overall survival was 7.5 months. Totally 13 cases of lung cancer with EEM were retrieved from PubMed database. 12 cases were diagnosed during the follow up after lung cancer resection. There were 8 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and 9 cases of central type. Endotracheal or endobronchial nodules showed in 10 cases and eccentric wall thickening in 2 cases were seen on chest computed tomography (CT), which corresponding to the nodular or polypoid lesion bronchoscopically. 5 cases metastasized to the contralateral bronchus, 10 cases to the trachea and 1 case to the ipsilateral bronchus.
CONCLUSIONS
EEM is a rare metastasis of lung cancer, which can occur at the initial diagnosis of lung cancer or after surgical resection. It is often seen in the patients of squamous cell carcinoma with central type in advanced stage. The prognosis is poor.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bronchial Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Trachea; Tracheal Neoplasms
PubMed: 32209184
DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2020.101.15 -
Journal of Korean Medical Science Aug 2017Primary airway tumors are rare in children and no literature reviewed their characteristics each location. We evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of...
Primary airway tumors are rare in children and no literature reviewed their characteristics each location. We evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of Korean children with primary airway tumors, from the larynx to bronchi. A retrospective chart review of children with primary tumors of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi at Asan Medical Center from January 2000 to July 2016 was conducted. Nineteen children were diagnosed with primary airway tumors of the larynx (47.4%), trachea (10.5%), and bronchi (42.1%). Median follow-up duration was 2.8 years and there were recurrences in 21.1%. Laryngeal tumors were associated with a younger median age at onset (2 months) and diagnosis (4 months), and most were relatively small (median size = 5.3 mm) and symptomatic. Tracheal and bronchial tumors were found in older children (age at onset and diagnosis > 11 years) and large (> 15.0 mm). Most (75%) patients with bronchial tumors were asymptomatic and all the patients with tracheal tumors were symptomatic. This study suggests that we should consider different the locations in primary airway tumor based on the age at onset and diagnosis, initial symptoms or signs, and size of tumor.
Topics: Adolescent; Bronchoscopy; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Laryngoscopy; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Respiratory Tract Neoplasms; Retrospective Studies; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Tracheal Neoplasms
PubMed: 28665067
DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2017.32.8.1304 -
Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery Sep 2020Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPNSTs) of the trachea are extremely uncommon neoplasms with unknown genetic and clinical profiles. Only individual cases have... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPNSTs) of the trachea are extremely uncommon neoplasms with unknown genetic and clinical profiles. Only individual cases have been reported in the literature to date.
CASE PRESENTATION
Here, we present a rare case of a 61-year-old female patient with a primary MPNST of the trachea who complained of irritating cough and progressively increasing breathlessness for 4 weeks. This patient initially underwent intraluminal resection of the mass and was misdiagnosed with clear cell sarcoma. Less than a year later, the mass relapsed, and the obstructive symptoms reappeared and gradually worsened. Debulking of the endotracheal tumour mass was performed once again, and an MPNST was definitively diagnosed. Open sleeve tracheal resection and tracheoplasty were later performed with curative intent. This patient was alive without recurrence at her six-month postoperative follow-up. We also compared the clinical outcomes of previously reported cases of MPNSTs and our case.
CONCLUSIONS
This paper emphasizes that thoracic surgeons should be aware that malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours of the trachea can be misdiagnosed in clinical practice and must be included in the differential diagnosis of tracheal neoplasms.
Topics: Biopsy; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Nerve Sheath Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Trachea; Tracheal Neoplasms
PubMed: 32917245
DOI: 10.1186/s13019-020-01285-x -
Canadian Respiratory Journal 2019Endobronchial benign tumors are a rarely seen clinical entity but may cause significant symptoms. Endobronchial treatment has the potential for relieving symptoms while...
BACKGROUND AND AIM
Endobronchial benign tumors are a rarely seen clinical entity but may cause significant symptoms. Endobronchial treatment has the potential for relieving symptoms while saving the patient from invasive surgical procedures. No trials have been published that present and compare the various endobronchial treatment modalities for endobronchial benign tumors. The aim of the present study is to define safety and efficacy of endobronchial treatment in patients with benign endobronchial tumors from the point of complications and success rate.
METHODS
This study is a retrospective cohort study from a review of medical charts. Eligibility criteria included diagnosis of a benign endobronchial tumor. Our institution's bronchoscopy and pathology database was searched for specific benign tumors, and the results were further detailed based on the endobronchial location.
RESULTS
Forty-four patients with pathologically confirmed benign endobronchial tumors were included. Tumor regression was achieved in all patients with diode laser and argon plasma coagulation in combination with or without cryotherapy and without any major complication. There were no significant differences between the use of either diode laser or of argon plasma coagulation as a modality with immediate effect from the occurrence of residual tissue that needed cryotherapy ( > 0.05). There were no major complications. Eight patients had minor complications including minor bleeding (6 patients) and hypertension (2 patients) that were controlled medically. Thirty-one patients (70%) had very good response, and 13 patients (30%) had good response as defined in literature before.
CONCLUSION
Diode laser and argon plasma coagulation in combination with or without cryotherapy are safe and effective methods for endobronchial treatment of benign endobronchial tumors.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Argon Plasma Coagulation; Bronchial Neoplasms; Bronchoscopy; Child; Child, Preschool; Cryotherapy; Female; Humans; Lasers, Solid-State; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Tracheal Neoplasms; Young Adult
PubMed: 30937111
DOI: 10.1155/2019/5269728 -
Journal of Thoracic Oncology : Official... May 2010
Topics: Bronchoscopy; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Tracheal Neoplasms
PubMed: 20421766
DOI: 10.1097/JTO.0b013e3181d5e494 -
The Journal of Thoracic and... May 2019Complete resection of neoplasms involving the carina are technically challenging and have high operative morbidity and mortality. This study examines the last 2 decades...
OBJECTIVES
Complete resection of neoplasms involving the carina are technically challenging and have high operative morbidity and mortality. This study examines the last 2 decades of clinical experience at our institution.
METHODS
Medical records were retrospectively reviewed between 1997 and 2017 to identify all patients who underwent carinal resection. Primary outcome measures include risk factors for complications and overall survival.
RESULTS
In total, 45 carinal resections were performed with a median follow-up of 3.4 years (interquartile range 0.8-8.5). Procedures included 21 neocarinal reconstructions (48%), 14 right carinal pneumonectomies (30%), 9 left carinal pneumonectomies (20%), and 1 carinal plus lobar resection (2%). Age ranged from 27 to 74 years, and 23 of 45 patients were female. Eight received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 6 preoperative radiation. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and cardiopulmonary bypass were intraoperatively used for 4 patients with no mortality. Four patients underwent superior vena cava resection and reconstruction. Anastomotic complications occurred in 5 patients, all of which were managed conservatively: 1 required stent placement and a second underwent hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Postoperative events were observed in 26 patients (58%), including pneumonia (n = 11), blood transfusion (n = 8), and atrial arrhythmias (n = 8). More serious complications, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, occurred in 3 patients. Postoperative events were most closely associated with pulmonary resection (P = .040). There were 3 deaths, yielding an overall operative 30- and 90-day mortality of 6.8% and 7%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite advances in perioperative management, carinal resection poses challenges for both patient and surgeon. Preoperative chemotherapy, radiation, and concomitant pulmonary resection were associated with increased risk of complications. Patient selection and meticulous surgical technique contribute to reduction in morbidity and mortality.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Boston; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Female; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Neoadjuvant Therapy; Pneumonectomy; Postoperative Complications; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; Retrospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Time Factors; Trachea; Tracheal Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 30709673
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.11.130 -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal May 2020
Topics: Adenoma, Pleomorphic; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Humans; Medical Illustration; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Tracheal Neoplasms
PubMed: 30987459
DOI: 10.1177/0145561319840189 -
Acta Otorrinolaringologica Espanola Oct 2001Chondrosarcoma is the most frequent mesenchymal tumor (nonepithelial) of the larynx. Radiographic studies and collaboration of pathologists have allowed that the number... (Review)
Review
Chondrosarcoma is the most frequent mesenchymal tumor (nonepithelial) of the larynx. Radiographic studies and collaboration of pathologists have allowed that the number of cases diagnosed has increased considerably in the last few years. His privileged site is the subglotics. The late apparition of the symptoms delay the diagnosis, which is guided by CT scan and will be confirmed by histological examination of the surgical piece. The histological distinction between the different degrees of malignancy constitutes one challenge for the pathologist, so far, various criteria have been described for that aim. This biological behaviour is characterized by locoregional recurrence, in direct correlation with the grade of dedifferentiation. The treatment of choice is conservative surgical resection, and a regular follow up is obliged for early detection of recurrences and metastases. A case treated in our Center is presented, and the conclusions obtained after a literature review of the subject.
Topics: Chondrosarcoma; Cricoid Cartilage; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Tracheal Neoplasms
PubMed: 11692951
DOI: 10.1016/s0001-6519(01)78254-4 -
Medicine Jan 2018Extramedullary plasmacytomas (EMPs) are rare solitary soft tissue tumors characterized by monoclonal proliferation of plasma cells. Most lesions occur in the head and... (Review)
Review
RATIONALE
Extramedullary plasmacytomas (EMPs) are rare solitary soft tissue tumors characterized by monoclonal proliferation of plasma cells. Most lesions occur in the head and neck, but primary tracheal lesions are very rare.
PATIENT CONCERNS
In this report, we describe a case of tracheal EMP discovered in a 48-year-old man who presented with a history of progressive dyspnea.
DIAGNOSES
Computed tomography (CT) revealed a well-defined nodular mass in the posterior wall of trachea without signs of invasion of the tracheal walls. Then, a reddish mass occluding approximately 90% of the trachea was evidenced by bronchoscopic examination.
INTERVENTIONS
The patient was treated with surgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy to achieve better local control.
OUTCOMES
After the surgery, there was immediate symptomatic relief. There was no recurrence or metastasis during a 6-month follow-up.
LESSONS
This study presents a rare case of tracheal EMP occluding approximately 90% of the lumen that was successfully managed by surgery followed by radiotherapy.
Topics: Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Plasmacytoma; Tracheal Neoplasms
PubMed: 29504982
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000009594